Ancient Egypt :: essays research papers

Ancient Egypt was a genuinely important time in our time period. They had their own way of life. Egyptians had their own writing, burials, government, religion, cooking, and games. They were ameliorate people with many talents. They were good with their hands and brains. Ancient Egyptians were a magnificent race of people. The Ancient Egyptians called their country Kemet, which means Black Land. The dark soil from the Nile River was very fertile. The Nile overflowed at the same time every year, leaving farmers with very fertile soil. The Nile provided much needed water for their crops during the dry season by using their irrigation system. The Nile River besides provided the Egyptians with drinking water, and a way for them to travel, allowing them to explore and trade. In addition, the desert around the river was called Red Land by the Egyptians. This is where they lived, grew and prospered. The desert provided much gold for the Egyptians to trade with separate countries or to keep for themselves. They brought back silver from Syria, cedar wood, oils, and horses from Lebanon, copper from Cyprus, gems from Afghanistan, ebony, wood, and ivory from Africa, and incense from Punt.Egyptians cherished family life the way we cherish food or money. Children were considered a blessing. They prayed for them and used magic to have children, but if a couple could not conceive they adopted. Men were the head of the household and the oldest son inherited everything of the fathers.Egyptian women were to obey their fathers and husbands, but were equal in many other ways. For example, women could have jobs, some rights in court cases, and they were able to own land. Women were also allowed to own businesses. but noble women, however, could be priestesses. The women raised the children and took care of the house. Wealthy families would hire maids and nannies to do such things. Divorce was not common in Ancient Egypt, though it was an option. Problems were talked about(pre dicate) between families, and if they could not be settled a divorce would take place. Some women became rulers but only in secret. The only woman who ruled as a pharaoh in the open was Queen Hatsheput. Ordinary men normally had one wife, while pharaohs and kings had several. Most marriages were arranged by parents. Most girls married at age twelve while boys were usually a little older.

Nonhuman Animal Rights Essay -- Ethics, Tom Regan

In regards to animals, the issue of rights and whether they exist becomes a touchy subject. In the essay, Non kind Animal Rights Sorely Neglected, author tom turkey Regan asserts that animals have rights based upon inherent value of experiencing subjects of a life. Regans argument will first be expressed, later explained, and evaluated in further detail. Lastly, that fact that Regan thinks rights ar harbored under the circumstance of being an experiencing subject of a life will also be discussed in terms of the incapacitated, etc.Regan positively argues that both human and nonhuman individuals are experiencing subjects of a life. Experiencing subjects of a life have an inherent value, which is nevertheless, equal among the populace. Ones usefulness is not a factor in regards to ones inherent value, and they have an equal right to be treated with respect. Nonhumans have rights based upon denoted inherent value, thus the use of the individual in an exploitive manner, compromises the m oral foundation of rights.Regan claims that both human and nonhuman individuals are experiencing subjects of a life. Basically, if something is a conscious creature having an individual welfare (Regan 69), then it is a subject of a life. The usefulness of said individual is not important in this instance but will be further discussed. Utility is fruitless in the grand scheme of the moral equality of value. Regan argues that subjects of a life want and prefer things, believe and feel things, recall and expect thingsall crop a difference to the quality of our lifethey animals too must be viewed as the experiencing subjects of a life, with inherent value of their own (Stanford encyclopedia of Philosophy). Individuals and animals are not diffe... ... fact that the subjects of a life claim draws nonhumans into the view of having rights morally, Regan inadvertently sections some of the humans off of this foundation. In an attempt to expand his view on what deserves rights, he may have just narrowed the field at the same time. Regan sums up worth and rights with his abstract view of inherent value. How is said value calculated? Although some areas of Regans argument seem a bit fuzzy, his attempt to align rights to more than just humans is satisfying.Works CitedThe Moral Status of Animals. Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Stanford University, 13 Sep 2010, Web. 23 Feb 2012. entries/moral-animal/.Regan, Tom. Nonhuman Animal Rights Sorely Neglected. You Decide Current Debates in Contemporary Moral Problems. Ed. Bruce N. Walker. New York Pearson, 2006. 64-71.

Home Rule :: Essays Papers

category Rule The Potato Famine, religious discrimination, and land issues caused tension in the Irish community. Home Rule, a measure of an independent government for Ireland, was the inevitable solution. It took more than two centuries for Ireland to gain its independence over Great Britain. With the Act of 1800, the British abolished Irelands capital of Ireland Parliament. As a result, Irish members were forced to take their seats in Westminster (Walsh 1). This left the Irish with no government representation within the country. The Irish had a desire to control domestic affairs without any British involvement. Replaced by English traditions and emigration, the nationalist movement increased opportunity for change. By the mid 1880s, Irish nationalism rose to great heights and Irish independence was at the forefront of political science (20). Charles Parnell became the leader of the revived Irish movement. He was named head of two the Irish Parliamentary Party and the National Land League. Parnell gained support from members of the Fenian movement, as well as newly elected British Prime Minister, William Gladstone. Gladstone was highly aware of the Irish predicament stating My mission is to pacify Ireland (21). His attempt at pacification started with the disestablishment of the Church of Ireland. In 1885, he introduced the First Home Rule Bill. in the midst of the years of 1886 and 1921 there were four Home Rule bills submitted to Parliament. The Home Rule Bills tryd a dual-bodied legislature strictly for local matters and Irish representation at Westminster to pick out on Irish taxation. According to Taylor It threatened to frustrate those (British) completely in that it provided for a separate Irish parliament and an end to Irish representation in Westminster (Taylor 772). This led way to views of republicans and revolutionaries after each bill was defeated. Home Rule had a huge effect on Irish society and Irish politics to which Irela nd is shaped today. The Gaelic Revival was an attempt to re-introduce old Gaelic traditions to the Irish people. The Irish were fed up with British influence. The restoration of their culture would provide themselves with a national identity. As stated in Irelands Independence, The period saw the emergence of a separate series of organizations literary, sporting, political (Walsh 18). The Gaelic acrobatic Association (GAA), founded by Michael Cusak, promoted national games, such as hurling, football, and handball (Walsh 18).

History of the Oil Industry :: essays research papers

OilThe anoint industry has been around for many millennia now. In the Middle East oil color seeped through the ground and it was used in many ways. It was used to waterproof their ships, painting, and even for light. But the rest of the world, for some time, had relied on another oil produced by whales. But all overtime the modern world had easily reverted back to using oil from the ground. As the industry of refining jolting oil arose, many people started small firms. But one man had a much greater vision, John D. Rockefeller, as his strength in the oil world grew to unheard of proportions, many of the smaller Businesses were dying off. Manny people and companies started to protest Rockefellers enormous control of the market. Eventually, his company was forced to brake up by the United States Supreme Court. In the present, there are many oil companies and there isnt one monopoly. These companies are finding naked as a jaybird ways to reading for oil and also refine i t more efficiently to ensure that the oil industry will stretch much further into the future. As humanity slowly started to grow into the modern civilization that it is today there were many things it needed to master. For a long time fire was the primary tool of choice, but as people grew more intelligent they began to seek new ways of lighting and energy. At first oil was used to waterproof ships, pots, and crate paintings. The Greeks had also know oil to create and awesome weapon from it. It was called Greek Fire they would compress the oil and shoot it out of a tube onto enemy ships, as it was being shoot out it was lit on fire. This caused great damage to enemy ships, but also made the Greeks seems immensely powerful. But over time, the use of oil was overshadowed by the use of whale oil. At the time it was fairly inexpensive and extremely plentiful. But over time, the demand for oil grew so large, that the wails were being over killed and the supply began to dwindle d riving prices to raise immensely.As the old way of fueling their energy needs ran out, there was a search for a new way. This is where crude oil was re-introduced. To light there lamps whale oil was no longer needed, but kerosene was now being used widely.

Human Nature in Lord of the Flies :: Free Essay Writer

Human Nature in Lord of the FliesGood morning/afternoon Mrs. Visser and class, I will be speaking about man nature and what it means to be human. Now what does it truly mean to be human and what makes us human? The main thing about humanity is we soak up ourselves as superior to nature and the animals in it. We see this in Lord of the Flies when the boys first worldly concern on the island. Even though there are animals and plants on the island they disregard it and claim the island as their own.Now what would make man superior to nature, his ability to withdraw? To alter his surroundings to make his life easier? Arrogance or how about that it is how it is always been? Man seems to try and force his views upon others, through different means. Jack for ideal uses fear and manipulation to control his tribe, while Ralph hung onto the values he was taught in society.Now behind Ralph was piggy, who in the novel represented mans noesis and civilized mans ideals. He was the iodine R alph turned to when he was in doubt about what he must do, about what the civilized thing to do would be. Behind Jack was Rodger who represented the savagery and nature instinct that a human has to survive. Simon represented the spirituality and nature in the book.Simon is also one of those that seek the truth. When the wight is mentioned, he was the first and only person until later on to suggest that the beast was humans. He was the first person to see that the beast was an internal thing. People like Simon who seek the truth soon find that they are not accepted in society. Simon was laughed at when he suggested that the beast was internal. It is in human nature to try and blame something else for our mistakes. This separates him and makes him an outsider as it is in human nature not to accept the truth.Later on when he finds out who and what the beast is, all the boys help to attack and kill him. This shows that it is in human nature to reject the truth as a lie or even insanity . When Simon dies it shows the death of spirituality and a foreshadowing of what the inherit malevolent in man will do to nature later on.The inherit evil in man is represented by in the following ways by the following people

Human Nature in Lord of the Flies :: Free Essay Writer

Hu cosmos Nature in ecclesiastic of the Flies inviolable morning/afternoon Mrs. Visser and class, I will be speaking about human reputation and what it means to be human. Now what does it truly mean to be human and what makes us human? The main thing about humanity is we see ourselves as superior to character and the animals in it. We see this in Lord of the Flies when the boys first land on the island. Even though there are animals and plants on the island they disregard it and claim the island as their own.Now what would make man superior to nature, his ability to think? To alter his surroundings to make his life easier? Arrogance or how about that it is how it is always been? Man seems to try and force his views upon others, through different means. Jack for example uses fear and manipulation to control his tribe, while Ralph hung onto the values he was taught in society.Now behind Ralph was piggy, who in the novel correspond mans knowledge and civilized mans ideals. He was th e one Ralph turned to when he was in doubt about what he must do, about what the civilized thing to do would be. Behind Jack was Rodger who represented the savagery and nature instinct that a human has to survive. Simon represented the spirituality and nature in the book.Simon is also one of those that seek the truth. When the beast is mentioned, he was the first and only person until later on to suggest that the beast was humans. He was the first person to see that the beast was an internal thing. People like Simon who seek the truth soon find that they are not occupyed in society. Simon was laughed at when he suggested that the beast was internal. It is in human nature to try and blame something else for our mistakes. This separates him and makes him an outsider as it is in human nature not to accept the truth.Later on when he finds out who and what the beast is, all the boys help to attack and kill him. This shows that it is in human nature to reject the truth as a lie or even insanity. When Simon dies it shows the death of spirituality and a foreshadowing of what the inherit evil in man will do to nature later on.The inherit evil in man is represented by in the following ways by the following people

Development of pre-dried and blended lime mortars for the ready-mix market

Mortar is a mixture of sand, a binder such as cement, and water. This mixture is employ in masonry construction to fill the gaps between the bricks and blocks mapping in construction. It is applied as a paste during construction, and then later sets hard, holding the blocks, or bricks together firmly. It rump also be apply to wee-wee parts of a construction where its original daub whitethorn take away been washed away. Currently, mortar can be either mixed on site, or factory-produced ready-to-use mortar can be bought. (Allen, 2003)Ready-to-use mortars be replacing on-site mixed mortars, due to their advantages everywhere on-site mixed mortar. They be do in factories nether tightly-controlled conditions and delivered to site, ready to use. They have guaranteed mix proportions and outgo any potential problems relating to site intermixture. They contain accurate cement ratio in the mixture. This is because the cement content is controlled in the production factory, where a ccurate measuring techniques atomic number 18 put into use.The factory-made mortars also offer the advantage of consistence in quality, since the conflate procedures and contents ar unalterable in the factories. This also results to consistence in strength and color. Since all the miscellany is done in the factory, victimization these mortars reduces mixing and labor costs, and also reduces wastage of materials that is experienced during mixing of mortar on site. Health and safety on site is improved, as workers direct contact with the mortar is reduced.Wet ready-to-use mortars are stored in tubs on site and require no further mixing. They have a retarding agent, which makes them fully usable for a certain period of time, normally around 36 hours.Dry ready-to-use mortars are stored in silos or bags. Silos are delivered to site complete with integral mixers and requiring only power and water supplies to be connected.The factory-produced silo mortars offer a range of mix proporti ons and overcome many potentialproblems experienced in on site mixing. The silo is delivered to site, complete with integral mixer. Once power and water supplies are connected, mortar can be produced as required. The rate at which water is added can be controlled to achieve the required consistency. The silos can either be single-compartment or two-compartment.(http//www.mortar.org.uk/)Since the factory produced silo mortars are of guaranteed composition, and are thoroughly mixed, they go forth therefore provide satisfactory durability. However, the designer still has theresponsibility to specify the correct mortar designation for the type of structure, exposureconditions and type of masonry units. In gamey conditions some stiffening may occur which may be corrected by the addition of a small amount of water followed by cut into mixing on the spot board in the traditional manner. Once the initial set has started the mortar must not be reconstituted in a mechanical mixer or by any other method.The setting of cement is affected by weather and go forth proceed more behind when it is colder.This factor is taken into account when the mortars are manufactured but subsequentsignificant reductions in temperature may increase the retardation period and extend theworking life and will have no adverse effect on the masonry. It is inadvisable to proceed with the construction of masonry whilst the temperature is below 3C and falling. If the mortar freezes any frozen material or crust should be discarded.Currently Used BindersPortland cement mortar is made by mixing Portland cement, which in this case is the binder, with sand and water. This type of mortar was invented in the mid-nineteenth century, as part of scientific efforts to develop stronger mortars than those that existed at the time. It was popularized during the late nineteenth century. One of its main advantages is that it sets hard and quickly, increasing the speed of construction.However, it is not advisab le for it to be used for the repair of older buildings constructed in fluxing lime mortar, because this type of binder lacks the flexibility, softness and breathability of lime that is required for such functions for proper function. Sulfate-resisting Portland cement may be used to replace ordinary bicycle Portland cement in cementsand, cementlimesand and cementsand with plasticizer mortars to reduce sulfate attack, in cases where pixilated conditions might be prolonged in the presence of soluble sulfates either in the fuze or in clay bricks.Polymers are other types of binders, which are used in conjunction with cement hydrate binders of conventional cement mortar. The polymeric binders include latexes or emulsions, redispersible polymer powders, water-soluble polymers, liquid resins and monomers. The mortar made using this combination of binders has low permeability, and it reduces cases of drying shrinkage cracking, and its mainly designed for purposes of repairing concrete str uctures. An example of polymeric binders is MagneLine (Allen, 2003).Masonry cement itself is a pre-mixed, complete binder. Normally masonry cement contains roughly of ordinary Portland cement, of an inert fair mineral filler, and then a powdered air-entraining component is added. Because of this make-up of the material and the air-entrainment, masonry cement mortars are made up with proportions differing from the other mortar types.Polymer cement mortars (PCM) are the materials which are made by partially replacing the cement hydrate binders of conventional cement mortar with polymers. The polymeric admixtures include latexes or emulsions, redispersible polymer powders, water-soluble polymers, liquid resins and monomers. It has low permeability, and it reduces the incidence of drying shrinkage cracking, mainly designed for repairing concrete structures. Example MagneLineAnother binder is pozzolana. Pozzolana is a fine, sandy volcanic ash, originally discover and dug in Italy, bu t later at a number of other sites. It is found in various colours black, white, grey and red. When finely ground and mixed with lime, it acts as Portland cement and makes a strong mortar. The mortar made using this composition has the advantage that will also set under water.Non-hydraulic or semi-hydraulic limes are other types of binders. These, however, have insufficient setting and hardening strength, hence they are not considered as suitable total binders, but may be added as a binder constituent to produce a cement lime sand mortar.Using calxLime mortar is created by mixing sand, slaked lime (the binder) and water. In making lime mortar, Limestone is burnt in a kiln to counterfeit quicklime, which is then slaked (mixed with water) to figure slaked lime, either in the form of lime put on or of hydrated lime powder. Sand and water are then added to form the mortar. This kind of lime mortar, known as non-hydraulic, sets very slowly done the process of reaction with the car bon dioxide in the air (Boynton,1980).The speed of set can be increased by using impure limestones in the kiln, to form a hydraulic lime that will set on contact with water. Another alternative is the use of a pozzolanic material, such as calcined clay or brick dust, which is added to the mortar. This will have the same effect of making the mortar set reasonably quickly by reaction with the water in the mortar.Lime mortar is considered breathable, because it will allow moisture to freely move through it, and then evaporate from its surface. It remains slightly flexible, even when it is set, and it will let walls move without cracking alike much. Lime mortars also repair fine cracks themselves as rainwater slowly deposits fresh atomic number 20 carbonate taken into solution from the surrounding lime mortar, hence the fine cracks end up repairing themselves.Lime mortar is not mixed in the same way as cement mortars, which are simply turned over and over,with occasional chopping. In order to make a strong lime mortar, it is essential to coat each speck of aggregate with lime paste, hence the stiltbird of mortar, after initially mixing in the aggregates with a shovel, must be beaten with pick axe handles in addition to chopping and turning. The longer mixing and defeat can be prolonged the better and more efficient the mortar will be. It is also of importance that only the smallest amount of extra water is added during the mixing stage. One must not pour lots of water in an attempt to make mixing easier. Adding the extra water will severely break away the mix, causing a lot of shrinkage and cracking during drying.Its also of utmost importance that the required ratio of aggregate to binder be maintained. After the mixing process, the mortar should be stored for as long as possible in the lead putting it into use. The purpose of this is to enable the lime to completely coat every particle of aggregate, forming an efficient and well bound mortar. On the contra ry, if this does not take place the lime mortar will not completely bond with the aggregate. (Boynton,1980).During this storage period, the lime particles become smaller as they mature and develop closer contact with the aggregate.The basic manufacturing process of non hydraulic lime for constructional purposes involves the following quarrying atomic number 20 carbonate (CaCO3), commonly in the form of limestone, chalk or shell. This is then heated in a kiln at around 700-900C, at which temperature, carbon dioxide is pressurized and disassociates itself from the raw material, forming calcium oxide (CaO), or quicklime.When the calcium oxide (quicklime) is combined with water (referred to as the slaking process), it reacts violently, breaking down to form calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) (slaked lime). At this stage two forms of material are achievable, a hydrated lime (a dry powder slaked with a minimum of water) or a lime putty (a wet material slaked with an excess of water). To make a basic mortar, the calcium hydroxide is then mixed with sand (and water if made from a dry hydrated lime). The final exam stage in this process is the setting of the lime in which the carbon dioxide is reabsorbed back into the calcium hydroxide to form calcium carbonate, generally in the form of calcite. This process is known as carbonation.When we use a fresh lime mortar for mass masonry construction the amount of calcite present depends upon the degree to which the carbonation of calcium hydroxide has occurred. In walls that are copulationly thick the ability of carbon dioxide to diffuse through the fabric is often reduced. In addition an increase in the hydraulicity in the hydraulic lime can also inhibit the diffusion of CO2 into the wall core due to higher quantities of relatively dense calcium silicate hydrates (C-S-H) and calcium aluminate hydrates (C-A-H). It is garner that in this situation we would have both lime in the form of calcium hydroxide and calcite forming the ma ss of the mortar with the calcium hydroxide being noted in regions in which CO2 cannot effectively penetrate.Generally speaking calcium hydroxide is considered to be free lime, which Allen (2003) define asLime in a mortar or hydraulic lime which remains as calcium hydroxide and has not yet converted or combined with a pozzolan or other minerals or compounds. It is more soluble than calcium carbonate and can be transported within the pore solution and is available for deposition to heal fine cracks autogenous healing. Not to be confused with free present as calcium oxide in Portland cement, which is much lower quantity and is a measure of expertness of burning, i.e. low free lime equals well burnt Portland cement.It is clear that calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2)/free lime is passing soluble when compared with other components within the mortar. It is however, classical to emphasize that calcium carbonate (CaCO3) is also soluble in water, although 100 times less soluble than calcium h ydroxide. Although the solubility of CaCO3 is low it does contribute to the boilers suit quantity of lime that can enter into solution and cannot therefore be discounted from this study.The ability of both calcium carbonate (CaCO3) and calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) to dissolve is a function of the water temperature and both decrease with an increase in temperature.Boynton (1980) further emphasises that solubility decreases steadily as temperature is raised above 0C. It is clear that the conversion of calcium hydroxide into calcite is extremely important in preventing dissolution and potential migration especially in saturated masonry conditions.It is the authors view that both calcium hydroxide and calcium carbonate components of the mortar can be viewed as high and low solubility, with low being associated with calcite (CaCO3) and other polymorphs, such as aragonite and vaterite, and high with calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2). However, it must be emphasised that different solubility leve ls may also be associated with different polymorphs of CaCO3 i.e. calcite and aragonite, and may be explained by the different relative surface areas of the crystallites.In addition, the solubility of both CaCO3 and Ca(OH)2 can be seen as a function of not only the temperature of the water but also the concentration of CO2 dissolved into the water and the presence of other solutes such as calcium chloride.The relationship between temperature and solubility illustrates that those buildings exposed to high levels of cold rainfall may be more vulnerable than their counterparts in warmer climates.Why Select lime?The use of lime as the binder has a number of advantages over Portland cement. Mortars and plasters made with no lime and a low percentage of Portland cement will end up having low workability (the correct combination of flow, water retention and cohesiveness), they will also be porous and will not be so durable. If an attempt is made to overcome this by increasing cement, other problems such as harshness, brittleness and shrinkage will in turn tend to occur.Lime is a much better binder than cement in plasterwork. Although its setting will be slow, the result will look better and the softer surface will be less prone to cracking. Lime mortars have a high degree of workability which is highly desirable in mortars and plasters. Due to the slow setting property of lime mortars, they allow mixing in large quantities without fear of going off before use.In harsh climatic conditions, lime mortars and plasters may not be very durable but this can easily be overcome by the use of hydraulic limes or the addition of a small percentage of Portland cement into the mix. Siliceous materials, known as pozzolanas (eg volcanic ash and rice husk ash), can also be mixed with lime to improve its strength and durability.Architects are increasingly becoming aware of the problems of Portland cement mortars and many now specify unify lime-Portland cement mortars. Recently, lime has played a leading role, worldwide, in the conservation of old buildings, most of which were built in the pre-Portland cement era. It is well recognized that successful deliverance of ancient monuments, such as churches, castles and other historic sites, necessitates the application of the same binding systems as were used originally. Attempts in the past at patching up these buildings with ordinary Portland cement-based mixes have invariably led to even greater problems of decay occurring at a later stage. (http//environment.uwe.ac.uk/video/cd_new_demo/conweb/walls/mortars, retrieved 29th sept 2008)ReferencesAllen, G. (2003), Hydraulic Lime Mortar for Stone, Brick and Block Masonry, Donhead, Shaftesbury,Boynton, R.S. (1980), Chemistry and Technology of Lime and Limestone, 2nd ed., John Wiley & Son, New York, NY, .Beckman, P. (1995), Structural Aspects of Building Conservation, McGraw-Hill, New York, NYhttp//www.mortar.org.uk/ , retrieved 29th sep. 2008http//environment.uwe.ac.u k/video/cd_new_demo/conweb/walls/mortars, retrieved 29th sept 2008

Ethical Implications Essay

The Code of Ethics for Nurses clearly states that treasures are prohibited to participate in aided suicide and euthanasia, it is ethically unacceptable. But Nurses are often in the best position to discuss end-of-life issues, they play a vital role in end-of-life forethought by advocating for their patients wishes and maintaining quality symptom management and support (Ignatavicius & Workman 2010). Euthanasia is legal in four states in the United States, these states are Oregano, Washington, Montana and Vermont. terminally ill patients are able to request lethal medications under law. Most of these states require that the patients make two verbal request that are 15 days apart and also another request in writing with a witness. In Montana the law also states that the life expectancy of the patient has to be less than six months.Also the patient must be a resident in the state that he/she wants to precipitate in euthanasia ( advanced Health Guide n.d). In the case of Terry Schiav o, she had no living will in place, her wishes were unclear and the family was forced to stop her tube feedings and let her die. The nurses role in this situation would be to be there to support the family, providing resources and making sure the patient dies a peaceful death. The stake holders in this scenario are the physicians, did they make the right diagnosis and decision, the family who lost a beloved member of their family, and also the society as a whole, it was a very well(p) published case and raised questions regarding if the decision was ethically right.In the scenario of Dax Cowart and Robert Burt, Dax was involved in a gas explosion that left him blinded and disabled. He treasured to stop all his agonizing treatments and die, even though he was competent, he was unable to refuse his treatments. In this situation nurses are obligated to give a competent patient the right to refuse treatment and respect the decision their patients make. The stakeholders in this scenari o is the patient Dax who had to suffer through 15 months of treatment, and the doctors who went against his decision.Ignatavicius, D. D., & Workman, M. L. (2010). Medical-surgical nursing Patient-centered collaborative aid (6th ed.). St Louis, MO Elsevier Saunders. New Health Guide. (n.d.). Retrieved December 10, 2014, from http//www.newhealthguide.org/Where-Is-Euthanasia-Legal.htmlPurtilo, R., & Doherty, R. (2011). Ethical Dimensions in the Health Professions, 5th Edition. VitalSource Bookshelf version. Retrieved from http//pageburstls.elsevier.com/books/978-1-4377-0896-7/id/B9781437708967000230 c0014Euthanasia Ethics. (2014, September 26). Retrieved December 14, 2014 from http//www.euthanasiaethics.com/

Meditation on Yellow by Olive Senior Essay

Olive elderberry bush is a Jamaican poet who explores Caribbean history. Her poetry often conveys her displeasure of colonization and the suffering Caribbean people endured. venture on Yellow explores the colonization and exploitation process carried out by the Europeans. This poem strong conveys Senior discontentment as it relates to the exploitation of the land and the Amerindian tribe. It with the use of symbolism, language and repetition the brutality of colonization is conveyed. Symbolism is used to portray the harsh reality of colonization. In Meditation on Yellow icteric is symbolic of the innocence of the Amerindians and the purity in their mind and soul upon encountering the Whites. This is noted in the phrase but we were peaceful then child-like in the yellow cross of our innocence. The fact that these Amerindians had no idea of what was to come their way and that they offered the best of what they had to the Europeans makes this encounter even more sad and advantageo us.Furthermore, yellow is symbolic of sickness and infection. This is reflect in the minds of the Europeans as it was infected with the yearning for wealth and power. Due to this infection the Amerindian we turned into slaves, the land was exploited and the Europeans began colonization. The use of symbolism conveys the extremes which these two set of people existed, the Amerindian be kind and pure and the Europeans being cold-hearted and greedy. Seniors use of language is certainly a powerful tool in expressing her displeasure as it relates to the incarceration of the Amerindians. Throughout the poem she uses sarcasm and humor which highlights her mocking and belittling of the Europeans. The phrase had I known I would have brewed up some yellow feverishness grass and arsenic is an example of sarcasm. In this phrase there is a contrast between the gesture of hospitality of ethnic which is the fever grass and the acrimonious sinister intentions of killing the Europeans with the a rsenic poison.The sarcasm continues in the phrase despite the differences in our skins, our piss was exactly the same shade of yellow. This highlights that regardless of ethnic and racial differences we are all the same. The striking, crude comparison stresses the need for equality and for readers to take note. Furthermore Olive Senior educates us that these Amerindian displayed passive resistance as they designedly burnt the bread of the Europeans since they we treated badly. The phrase for which management apologizes certainly indicates they there was no remorse or sorry for these actions. The use of sarcasm highlight Seniors hatred towards the colonization process and her view on the Europeans. Repetition is also used to place emphasis on the greedy and materialistic temperament of the Europeans.This type of repetition is known as anaphora. The line but it was gold in your mind gold in your eyes gold in the meridian .. gold the prize highlights the obsession these European s had with gold and their gluttonous nature. Moreover, their unreasonable brainsickts and desires are also highlighted through repetition. This is noted in the line want it strong wan it long want it black want it black want it green want it dread. Additionally there was repetition in the in line capital was you armor bills the cross of your Lord silver the bullet I bite This repetition emphasizes the many different forms of silver and the destruction that the silver symbolizes . The silver was representative of Iron Age Technology and represents the Europeans military superiority over the stone age Amerindians. Collectively the repetition of these lines alerts readers of the suffering these Amerindians endured to disport the cold hearted Europeans. The use of these techniques clearly depicts Seniors displeasure and the unfortunate struggles of colonization.

Company Introduction, Market Segmentation

Market Segmentation, and Product Positioning Keenan Pierson Dry. Steven Englander Marketing October 28, 2013 A. The Company pert extract e-cigargontte Is a metal rechargeable voltaic cigarette carry, Glenn smokers an alternative smoking pickaxe to conventional tobacco products. undimmed pick takes pride in putting an emphasis on qualification its e-cigarette as close as possible to the weight, size, feel, flavor and inhalation of current cigarettes. Targeting seasoned smokers, sweet Option e-cigarettes elevate non-disposable smoking products.The Smart Option e-cigarette getup comes with an atomized plus a cartridge tit a flavor enhancer. Consumers enjoy the brands option of varied flavor enhancers save is popular, more so, beca lend oneself Smart Option Is known for its longer- lasting batteries. Popular, trendy and well-established, the Smart Option brand desires to expand to Include the Smarts congruous rechargeable cartridges and bombardment chargers. Smart Option was established In 2010 and Is headquartered In Atlanta.Keenan Pierson Is the SSP of Product Development, spearheading the brands technological advance. Smart options strategic mission statement Is To provide a great price for the sophisticated smoker, snap on quality and increased accessibility. Foreign Market Cigarette use is the largest segment of the tobacco market In Russia, accounting for 98 percent of the markets broad(a) value (Russia, 2013). E-cigarette use in Russia is a means for controlling smoking (Popularity, 2011), and its popularity is growing thither as well.Smart Option consumers primarily are based in the United States, but Smart Option sees an opportunity to expand the brand as it prepares to launch the Smarts component. Currently, the majority of electric cigarettes enter the Russian market from china (Research and Markets, 2012). Increasing exports go away help grow the brand. With Smarts compatible rechargeable cartridges and chargers, the goal Is to pion eer and capture significant market share through a sense of necessity from consumers in the U. S. And abroad, creating brand loyalty. B. Marketing Plan smoker.It has the look of classic cigarettes with an excellent nicotine delivery system. Consumers enjoy its variety of forms, its battery life and ease of use. The Smart Option e-cigarette brand is the solution for the long-term consumer seeking a premium product. While priced slightly higher(prenominal) than competitors selling disposable reduces, the Smart Option e-cigarette kit is equivalent to receiving up to three packs of conventional cigarettes above the standard two. Smarts compatible rechargeable cartridges and chargers allow be for consumers looking for the longer investment in the e-cigarette.Smarts bequeath provide the go around and most technologically-advanced electronic cartridges and compatible chargers in the industry. All e-cigarette brands are battery operated. Presently, consumers of e-cigarettes father to b e loyal to their brand because rechargeable cartridges and chargers are not versatile, meaning that chargeable cartridges are not compatible with each separate. There are so many electric cigarettes available that it may be difficult and expensive for the consumer to determine which brand satisfies their tastes.The consumer also must find the store that sells their preferred brand. With Smart Options Smarts compatible rechargeable cartridges and chargers, consumers no longer have to commit. The product and the service component of the Smarts compatible rechargeable cartridges and chargers will drive sales. Smarts will be bundled with the existing Smart Option products and sold separately to pass users of competing eggs. Like most cartridges, the Smarts compatible rechargeable cartridges include miniature lithium batteries. Smarts is unique because its 4. -volts also contain a small universal adapter for compatibility with other brands, creating an android mechanism for use acros s all brands of e-cigarettes. A unique feature of the Smarts compatible rechargeable cartridges includes longer-life batteries, which has made Smart Option popular among consumers. As an enhancement, the Smarts battery will automatically go into standby mode when not in use to preserve its life. The product and the Smarts compatible rechargeable cartridges and chargers will be expensed through vending machines and will be widely available at gas stations and convenience stores.Consumers will see the cost savings everyplace time, enjoying the versatility of the Smart compatible rechargeable cartridges and chargers, making the overall product and its service even more attractive. A report from the Centers of Disease Control and Prevention finds that fifth of Americans round 46 million are still smoking (The Electric Cigarette, 2010). Tobacco use is responsible for nearly 1 in 5 deaths in the United States (AS Choice, 2010). Users of conventional cigarette make are responding to t he rise in health risk awareness, using e-cigarettes as a healthier alternative.Currently it is estimated that 1 in 40 smokers are now using e- cigarettes as an alternative (The Electric Cigarette, 2010), and the trend is growing at phenomenal speed. E-cigarettes have three prefatorial components a battery, an atomized and a mouthpiece cartridge. E-cigarettes deliver nicotine without the harmful toxins found in tobacco smoke yet creates the same hand-to-mouth experience. Instead of lighting up, an electric cigarette has a cartridge that resembles a filter that heats nicotine into a vapor. An LED light glows at the tip during the inhale, simulating the glowing tip of a regular cigarette.It is a safer alternative to smoking, and reduces secondhand smoke exposure since they do not produce smoke. E-cigarettes are sum, e-cigarettes are a smarter smoking solution. E-cigarette users are vamping rather than smoking. The sale of e-cigarettes is a niche business that is a growing segment of the tobacco industry, although no tobacco exists in eggs. Created in 2003 by a Chinese pharmacist, the segment is emerging, and it is estimated that about a million people used electric cigarettes (Seltzer, 2011).Word about the product is spreading as consumers are becoming educated about the dangers of tobacco use and about the availability of smoke-free alternatives. Increased accessibility and universality will help the industry continue to grow. The Smart Option e-cigarette tastes like a real cigarette and offers a variety of cigarette flavor enhancers, including a nicotine-free version. Smart Option focus groups revealed that consumers are attracted to the brands Smart LED and the option of purchase higher capacity batteries but expressed frustration over their inability to use e-cigarettes interchangeably.Smart Options answer is a universal battery-operated rechargeable atomized cartridge and charger. Smarts compatible rechargeable cartridges and chargers will offer various c harging options such as car chargers. Consumers have found problems with the taste and reliability in their search for the preferred e- cigarette. Neither cartridges nor chargers are interchangeable, making it difficult and expensive for the consumer to determine which brand satisfies their tastes.Smarts compatible rechargeable cartridges and chargers will provide consumers with a plethora of options and alternatives to enjoy the brand of their choice. No other brand or innovation currently exists to cater to e-cigarette users who want that versatility. There are different sizes of batteries in varying brands of e-cigarettes. The convenience and instant gratification of purchasing the Smart Option e-cigarette and/or purchasing the Smarts compatible rechargeable cartridges and charger is effective to drive growth and will strengthen market share.The Smarts compatible rechargeable cartridges and charger will come with a universal adapter, creating an android mechanism for use across all brands of e-cigarettes. Consumers also will enjoy the systems longer-life rechargeable cartridges, eliminating the hassle of purchasing several devices in search of the desired taste and nicotine strength. Getting buy-in from the skeptical consumer will be a challenge to overcome since a weakness from competitors is weaker battery performances.The widespread smoking prohibition, not to mention the increase in taxes, and growing social stigma of conventional cigarette smoke creates opportunities for the e-cigarette market. Convenience stores have seen a reduction in retail sales, resulting in lower profit margins from selling conventional cigarettes. Unlike conventional cigarettes, tobacco taxes do not exist because there is not tobacco in the product, making it an affordable alternative for consumers. Electric cigarettes offer convenience stores lower taxes and much higher profit margins.Imposing additional cigarette-specific taxes on the sale of e-cigarette products would be a threat as it would lessen the number of consumers willing to buy the products. Smart Option e-cigarette brand is plentiful and diverse, and the goal is for the Smarts compatible rechargeable cartridges and chargers to be as well. Consumers experience a relaxing and licensable feeling with each Smart Option smoke that they perceive as positive and satisfying. The put is to position the product and service as more than an e-cigarette this push will come in the form of heavy promotional spending.New technologically- savvy vending machines will be Smart Options way to sell the product, making it a standout brand. Each vending machine will have an online hub with up-to-date e- cigarette Smart Option brand information as an example of such marketing. APS accessible from smart mobile phones will support consumers need to get the latest reduce information, including GAPS efficiency to provide nearest locations. The Smart Option e-cigarette brand has a reliable website with an easy-to-use menu for online transactions by credit or debit.This will provide the best possible option for delivery for the Smarts compatible rechargeable cartridge and charger. Wide accessibility in brick-and-mortar stores such as gas stations, convenience stores, grocery stores, medicine stores and big box retailers, will help diversify and increase sales distribution. Smart Option e-cigarette and the Smarts compatible rechargeable cartridges will be the best option for the lowest price possible. The brand and supporting devices will deliver more enriched quality and versatility to consumers.

Ukraine Turmoil Essay

May 2014 In todays world, it seems like there is bad password everywhere in the world. Ukraine is one location where they have been having turmoil. Recently, Ukraine has had some complications with intergovernmental protesters, sometimes it led to death. These protestors are trying to have their voices heard regarding President Victor autograph rejection to the agreement with the European union in November 2013 it was said that there were stronger ties with Russia, The protestors were outraged because they wanted to Integrate with Europe. Some protestors believed thatHancock was striving for power and wasnt serving the interests of his people. Hancock actually signed into law ten interposes laws that the Parliament of Ukraine created. This will take away freedom of speech affect the non-governmental organizations, as well as many others. This seems to tell on sense when you look at the history of the Ukraine. For centuries, there have battles over Ukrainian position between East an d West. In the seventeenth century, Eastern Ukraine was chthonic Russia imperial rule. In the west there were shifting control of European powers, such as Poland and the Castro-HungarianEmpire. This might help explain why the west is to a greater extent likely to choose Western- leaning politicians (Contact) and is more Ukraine-speaking with a Catholic influence whereas, the east is more Russian-speaking and Orthodox. Throughout the earlier years, Ukraine has been overtaken by competing powers and a surgical incision was being made. The division was amongst the peoples beliefs and views some saw the rule of the Russia imperial and Soviet union was a good thing, while others believed it was a tragedy. In the 16 the and 17th century it seemed that Poland had some control, but not after a war betweenDastard of Russia and the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. In the asses, Soviet leader Joseph Stalin led millions to their deaths through starvation. In order for him to repopulate the eas t, he brought In large numbers of Russians and soviet citizens, who spoke no Ukrainian and had no ties to the region. Looking at a map, it seems like there is a native divide between the south/east and the north/west, which are kat oncen as the steppes, where the southern and eastern portions are more farming land and the northern and westerns are more forests.The protests In the Ukraine have created uproar for the country and have turned Into much more than what was expected. It seemed to start out about Europe, but now It seems more like protests over democracy and the end of corruption (Contact). Many people want the corruption to end and a new president to be assigned. There is also a political division between the older and younger generations. The European Union said that becoming a member could be worth billions of euros, which would help their economy. The E also wants to help clean up the damages (BBS) on democracy and human rights.

John F Kennedy’s Rice Stadium Moon Speech Analysis Essay

Since the industrial revolution, countries have been competing against each other to see who is the close to advanced in medicine, technology, and education.In 1957, Russia successfully launched the first artificial satellite, this had started the space age and the United States of America and the U.S.S.R. space race. President John F Kennedy delivered the Rice bowlful moon speech in hopes of persuading the American people to support NASAs intention to send a space craft to the moon. Kennedy attempts to do this by the procedure of syntax and ethos.Kennedy begins by trying to establish credibility with his student audience by the use of ethos. Kennedy is made an honorary visiting professor and states that his first public lecture will be very brief. By putting himself into the position of a professor, he tries to convey to his student audience that he will acquire them something important and to open their minds to him. He then lists how humans have advanced learning to use skins of animals to cover them to developing penicillintelevision and nuclear power. By listing these advancements in mankind, Kennedy shows the audience his knowledge and gives them another reason to trust what he is saying. In gaining the audiences trust, Kennedy can easily persuade them to support NASAs intentions of move an aircraft to the moon.The word choice and sentence structure Kennedy uses to deliver his speech helps to persuade American citizens to support NASAs intentions. Kennedy uses phrases such as 10,000 automobilesas tall as a 48 story structure and as wide as a city block. He uses lament terms to appeal to the green mans ballpark figure of everyday lengths and power. With better understanding of what Kennedy is saying, his student audience can support NASA with their acquired knowledge. He then states how his surroundings ar noted for knowledge, progress, and strength. By his word choice he helps to instill a sense of pride for the homeland. This promotes nationalism among the audience and their desire for their country to be helpful.

Course Project Essay

They be Public Website, Manufacturing Support System (MSS), Human Resources System (HRS), and Sales and Marketing System (SMS). Public Website erects information about distributively of the growths, locations where soul can bribe them, and information about how to get warranty support. Details of warranty support and defect rates be not tracked, but the cater has anecdotal stories. The Manufacturing Support System (MSS) maintains the supply chain information necessary for manufacturing the phoners products, such as raw materials, vendors, and prices.The Human Resources System (HRS) maintains and tracks force and well-beings information. And the Sales and Marketing System (SMS) track the sales and marting efforts of the callers sales force. Orders from this musical arrangement ar printed and sent daily to the MSS to be filled. As a senior member of the IT Management Team for SAI Toys, I agree with the Board of bearors and the CEO decision to stay on the forefront of ge ekness, and therefore the confederation should integrate all ofits IT agreements.In addendum, they want to develop a more robust Web presence and sell their products proposely to individual customers in addition to selling by means of traditional retailers, as they currently ar doing. My recommendation is that we need to engross more staff if SAI Toys want to stay on the forefront. The company needs to hire professional computer specialist. The integration of new the softw ar course into a newly expanded IT administration which utilizes in some cases first genesis coding on legacy hardware can create operational problems which in-ho engage IT staff whitethorn be nable to solve. SAI Toys is not in the computer railway line. While computers are essential to the invention, manufacture and marketing of their products, SAI Toys would be well pay heedd by having their IT systems vertically integrated and maintained in a cloud computing environs, eliminating most of their IT billet employees in the process (Butcher, 2011). In this report, I take into account for show how the company should go about implementing this executive directive. The report should include the following sections.The report will also outline the situation, weighs various alternatives, and I will presents a final recommendation for the company. The report will also include the current IT system, overview of the recommended system, the difference between In Ho using up and Outsourcing development, the stakeholders buy-in, the ERP regorge failed with lessons learned, and the companys ROL amp TCO. Current IT Situation To evaluate SAI Toys, using the basic epitome techniques will help us to have an overview of the company and its environment.SWOT is a tool that identifies the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of an organization. SAI Toys SWOT Analysis is to take the information from an environmental analysis and separate it into internal (strengths and weaknesses) and external issues (opportunities and threats). The Strengths of SAI Toys are Experienced and successful marketing team, High brand recognition for their unique products, Substantial 25 member IT team, and Quality control ensuring positive consumer feedback.The Weaknesses of SAI Toys are exceedingly competitive marketplace, Extensive and continuing RampD investment, Cost containment, and Personnel costs for IT staff (Butcher, 2011). The Opportunities of SAI Toys are Direct marketing and sales to consumers through company operated websites, Emerging international markets immediately accessible through the internet, and Substantial IT cost reduction through use of cloud computing. The Threats of SAI Toys are Loss of market share, Major competitors integrating vertically and selling direct, and Changing technology requiring escalating engineering costs (Butcher, 2011).The Competitive Strategy Analysis is the second basis analysis technique to help us to have an overview of the compa ny and its environment. SAI cannot afford the possibility of IT system failure given the highly competitive market in which they operate. New product initiation, manufacture, and marketing require that their IT system be full moon functional 24/7 with no down fourth dimension. To sustain growth and revenue and stay ahead of potency competition SAI Toys will need to invest heavily in Research and organic evolution (RampD) on an ongoing basis (Butcher, 2011).This will include shape up investment in hiring skilled engineering personnel. Because SAI Toys creates unique products which may exclusively dominate a small segment of the market from which all of its revenue is derived, the knowledgeability into the market of a competitors similar product with enhanced features and lower retail pricing may severely impact SAI Toys ability to interpret sales and revenue (Butcher, 2011). Swimlanes Diagram AS-IS Diagram Overview of Recommended SystemThe various systems currently in place wi ll be replaced or integrated into the new system. assuming that SAI Toys has elected to develop an integrated IT system in-house utilizing its current IT structure but expanding operability to allow all four (4) distinct IT systems to communicate with all(prenominal) other, an Organizational forge Performance system evaluation is necessary which will derive quantitative objectives for quality and process performance from the organizations demarcation objectives (Butcher, 2011). The new system will be the ERP Implementation. at that place is a Process of ERP Implementation. While ERP is clearly a software solution for SAI, its instruction execution must be done on an incremental basis to limit interruptions to the existing business structure at SAI. Like all IT changes, problems can and will develop. To minimize the impact on SAIs ongoing business operation the implementation of ERP should occur during the lapses between product launches or product design and development stages and implementation should be accomplished on a step-by-step basis, one application at a time.Limiting IT installations and disruptions to non-critical time periods will permit the least stressful adoption of the IT structure and allow SAI to maintain its revenue stream without incurring a loss (Butcher, 2011). There are numerous vendors who get rid ofer ERP software which would be easily configurable for SAIs item requirements. Microsoft, Oracle, Sage, Exact, SAP, and Intuitive each offer ERP software solutions which can manage companies like SAI with up to 1,000 users.Each of these can incorporate e-commerce platforms into the production and supply chain and provide SAI Toys focusing with instantaneous information reports including warranty claims, product claims, and defective product losses to together with consumer feedback in real-time (Butcher, 2011). rough new features in this system will include 1) Improved customer satisfaction 2) Increased shekelsability 3) Reduced co sts ) Improved quality and processing times 5) Improved business culture by bridging the gap between the production line and management 6) Improved business performance by focusing team members on eliminating run out crossways key business processes and workflows (Butcher, 2011). There are umpteen companies out there that have successfully made the transition from a brick and mortar business to an E-Commerce. The E-Commerce can help the company grow and expand.An e-commerce platform can be used for advertising, production, supplier enquiries, negotiations, contracts, orders, billing, payments, and after sales service and other business activities in the process of interactive program management that can simplify the transaction process (Butcher, 2011). SOA would be of benefit to this ramble. A Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) design principle can be utilized during the phases of systems development and integration. A system based on SOA will package functionality as suite of interoperable work that can be used within multiple separate systems from the four separate systems.SOA also generally provides a way for consumers of go such as web-based applications to be aware of available SOA based services. For example, several disparate departments within a company may develop and deploy SOA services in antithetic implementation languages and their respective clients will benefit from a well understood, well defined interface to access them. SOA defines integration for widely disparate applications for a web-based environment and uses multiple implementation platforms (Butcher, 2011). Rather than defining an API, SOA defines the interface in terms of protocols and functionality.An endpoint is the entry point for such a SOA implementation. Service-orientation requires loose coupling of services with operating systems and other technologies that underlies applications. SOA separates functions into distinct units, or services, which developers make accessible over a network in order to allow users to combine and reuse them in the production of applications. These services and their check consumers communicate with each other by passing data in a well-defined, shared format, or by corresponding an activity between two or more services.SOA is therefore a continuum as opposed to distributed computing or modular programming (Butcher, 2011). Swimlanes diagrams- TO-BE diagram In-House versus Outsourcing Development The benefits and costs of developing this system in-house versus outsourcing the development or purchasing off-the-shelf are very important to consider. Off-the-shelf ERP packages are tested and proven performers which are an essential requirement for a company like SAI Toys which cannot afford the inevitable downtime associated with fragmented software design and installation.On a cost benefit analysis basis the investment in purchasing an off-the-shelf ERP software package is substantially less than the cost of downtime and syst em inoperability where an in-house software design fails (Butcher, 2011). The ability of the software vendor to de-bug an off-the-shelf system can be handbilld in minutes or hours versus the possibility and probability of several days of downtime with in-house developed software.The purchase price of an ERP software package can be amortized over a useful lifespan of five years or more and when compared to the prospective recur downtime of in-house developed software the advantages of an ERP off-the-shelf solution cannot be ignored (Butcher, 2011). To avoid as more pitfalls as possible in the overhaul of SAIs IT system it is recommended that SAI avoid in-house software development of this magnitude. While some of SAIs IT staff may be proficient in software development there are the issues of minimum and exacting standards employed in the industry which may not be a consideration for in-house development.CCMI and ISO certifications should also impact the decision here. CMMI and ISO certification are an inherent part of these off-the-shelf software solutions which pull offs the uncertain standards that may be employed in in-house software development (Butcher, 2011). We should develop the system by Some best practices for managing the project type to having a better chance of success are Stakeholder Buy-in and Internal Politics The stakeholders of this system are essential. Once stakeholders are on board with the system development, they are likely to remain involved, supporting the program over its lifetime.We can get them to buy-in and support the system development by property them informed throughout the process of the system, including during the evaluation planning, implementation, and reporting phases (Innovation Network, 2002-2012). Stakeholders are valuable assets in evaluation planning, offering * Assistance in decision-making about continued and prospective funding * Perspective that helps the program learn, grow, and improve, and * Experience tha t informs program replication at other sites or organizations.The Stakeholders fall into three levels of program participation or involvement. There are * Primary stakeholdersare typically major decision makers within a program, and are often the motivators behind an evaluation effort. They are often program staff, supervisors, senior managers, and funders. * Secondary stakeholdershave less contact with the administrative side of the program, but are still important to the evaluation effort. They include program participants and their families direct service staff and possibly other professionals providing subsequent services to program participants. Tertiary stakeholdersare more distant but are likely to be interested in evaluation findings for example, potential program participants, the general public, or members of the same profession (Innovation Network, 2002-2012). There are other issues that may arise as a result of the internal politics in our company that could have a nega tive impact on the project. The best thing to do is to cringe the risk of project failure due to internal issues. Many systems development problems are in practice caused by a failure to perceive that particularised stakeholders viewpoints were relevant.That failure causes whole groups of requirements, typically those related to scenarios involving the missing stakeholders to be missed. A similar result is obtained when one stakeholder assumes one scope for a product period another stakeholder assumes another. This occurs when a developer assumes that it will be sufficient to design, code, and test software but the purchaser hopes to have everything set-up and operators trained (Butcher, 2011). Stakeholder composition is a good soothsayer of project risk and therefore it should be cost- impressive to characterize projects at their initiation according to their stakeholder impact.SAI can minimize internal politics by fully evaluating each stakeholder and assuring them that their input is critical to the overall success of the project. Each stakeholder then becomes part of the project team and has a vested interest in ensuring the supreme success of the project. Team meetings bring all of the stakeholders together to discuss differences and eliminate issues which would delay or derail the project. Each team member realizes that their participation is evenly important within their area of specialization or expertise fully under their direct control and unchallenged by direct confrontation.In this manner, each team member must demonstrate how their participation and overall cooperation contributes to the overall success of the project (Butcher, 2011). ERP Project Failures and Lessons Learned Studying ERP project failures is an essential part of project success. By identifying the same or similar issues that lead to failure in one company, SAI can take steps to avoid or eliminate those problems as they arise. Case studies also provide a precursor to the fores eeable problems that occur in ERP implementation allowing SAI management an opportunity to prepare for these problems by formulating a contingency plan.ERP project failures are common but this not unique to ERP. Every system has glitches regardless of the quality of design or the expertise of design personnel (Butcher, 2011). In the Case Study for Implementation Failure at Hersheys Chocolate it was established that Hersheys failed to use an incremental method of implementation, preferably installing full software during periods of peak business. The resulting disaster from inoperability due to bugs and glitches resulted in a loss of peak season revenue for Hersheys. Both corporate management and IT staff developed an immediate dislike for the ERP implementation.This could easily have been avoided had Hersheys implemented the new software on a step-by-step basis during the off season when sales and revenue would have been less dramatically affected (Butcher, 2011). Hersheys also tri ed to implement a variety of enterprisingness applications simultaneously which added to the stress of a seemingly failed project. In fact, there was nothing wrong with the ERP software but its implementation was a complete failure as the company tried to modify their business processes to suit the enterprise application which created further problems.The lesson learned is that implementation should be conducted one step at a time, each successful Installation reinforcing managements initial decision to purchase. The ERP problems at Hersheys are commonly repeated where management fails to realize the complexity of implementation and the necessity to proceed cautiously and maintain focus (Butcher, 2011). Return on Investment and Total Cost of Ownership Some poetic rhythm that we can use to determine if the system was a success is a disciplined methodology has been developed calledtotal cost of ownership(TCO).It is designed to properly analyze the full cost of an IT investment. In o rder to calculate TCO properly, all related costs must be identified and captured. TCO models organize costs into two broad categories 1. Direct costsCosts in this category are usually for activities and investments that are related to IT or support. They can usually be calculated by examining the demonstrable or projected costs of hardware, software, people, and facilities. 2. Indirect costsThese costs are not always visible and can be very difficult to measure and quantify.This type of cost crosses the entire organizations business operations. Some examples of these indirect costs are Administration, Downtime, and End-user operations (Devry, unknown). In order to measure the metrics and figure out when service lines should be compulsive, we should developed methodologies for determining TCO. The first methodology is the Project initiation. This can be one of the most critical phases of a project. The think why is because the following are determined the expectations of the clie nt, the type of relationship the organization will ave with the client (This can influence the management costs. ), and the projects scope. Ideally, the objectives of the project should be defined at this stage, and the categories for TCO can be aligned with these project objectives. To determine the impact of any deviations from initial projections, an up-to-date TCO should be maintained at all times (Devry, unknown). The second methodology is the Cost Modeling. Through the entire TCO process a major activity is the TCO cost analysis. This continues to be refined as new information becomes available during the project.This activity includes classifying the costs according to the financial policies of an organization as well as defining the financial model for the project. The one-third methodology is the Cost Collection. Once the financial and cost model has been determined, all available cost estimates are collected. Once these are entered into the financial model, a baseline is determined. The total cost of ownership that is presented in this deliverable should be considered a snapshot in time. It is important that all stakeholders understand this and that the TCO may or may not change substantially from this point forward (Devry, unknown).The fourth methodology is Evaluation/Final Report. This is the development of a TCO project deliverable that goes to the organizations stakeholders and decision makers. It typically includes the final project evaluation and a correlation of all finding recommendations and results. The last methodology is Ongoing Refinement of the TCO Model. It is very disused for all costs and contract negotiations in a large project to be finalized at the same time. Additionally, an implementation plan usually cannot be determined at the same time as, or even immediately after, delivery of the final report.As a result, the TCO is an estimate of project costs based on the data and decisions available when the report was researched and w ritten. As key decisions regarding rollout and implementation strategy are reached, the TCO model should be refined to include the most current project cost estimates (Devry, unknown). Another metrics that we can use to determine if the system was a success is Return on Investment (ROI). The ROI (return on investment) is how much profit or cost savings is gained. An ROI calculation is sometimes used along with other business practices to develop a business case for an IT proposal.The overall ROI for an enterprise is sometimes used to determine how well a company is managed. The work performed to determine the TCO can be used to calculate the ROI. Even though many TCO costs are long term, they can be applied solely to the initial investment or divided between the initial investment and serve as an ad bonnyment to the final value. While both methods are valid, they can give different results it is important that the organization establish a policy for ROI computations across all proje cts (Devry, unknown).One of the more difficult aspects of an ROI calculation is determining the soft, or people benefits. Three considerations that impact these soft benefits follow * Speed of adoptionThis benefit considers how quickly employees come up to speed using the new process, system, technology, or tools provided by the implementation. It indicates how quickly employees demonstrate the new skills or behaviors and adapt to the new roles that are required by a change. * Ultimate utilization or participation rateThis evaluates the percentage of employees that are engaged and practicing the new way of doing things.Surprisingly, in many implementations, employees can avoid actively participating in workflows and procedures, and this can undermine the project in subtle ways. * ProficiencyAs the change is implemented, this examines how proficient and effective the employees have become. Many times, this proficiency, or ability to better perform their job function, is a significant part of the changes original motivation. It measures not just the status after the change, but the ongoing improvement to the organization with the new systems, tools, and processes in place and the organizational and job changes fully implemented.Some examples include the time saved in performing a particular operation while using the new system, the improved close rate for sales and contracts brought by the use of a competitive information database, and the amount of waste reduced by new streamlined activities or processes (Devry, unknown). Conclusion In conclusion, my recommendation to SAI Toys is that they need to hire more staff if they want to implement this executive directive.If they cant afford it or can cope with integrating all of their IT systems, then I would suggest they stick to manufacturing the toys in-house and shipped to brick-and-mortar retailers, such as Best Buy and Target, as well as e-Commerce only sites, such as ThinkGeek. com and Buy. com.

Yoga Meditation Experience

Home Meditation Assignment At the beginning of the semester I did not legitimately sleep to modelher what I potentially could take apart from this class, or, in particular, the hypothesis I was assigned to do at home. My mother does Yoga as well and she always keeps telling me how beneficial it is for both your body and your soul personally, I am not really the type of individual that believes in the vital effects religious philosophies nates have on ones life.However, I am always willing to experience something new and so I decided to engage myself in the practice of Yoga. I chose to do the soaking up Kriya this mediation technique in the main focuses on empowering mind and body through the practice of controlled breathing. A controlled breath rouse be exceedingly beneficial to over seminal fluid various obstacles in ones daily life this is the reason why I chose the Concentration Kriya as my meditation technique since I usually have struggles developing a calm, constant, a nd controlled breath.I sacrificed 5 minutes of my time in the morning to go through the cycle my intent was to do it before the real day had begun since I hoped to go ore relaxed and focused into classes and practice. Within the first two weeks, I did not really notice any change after I had meditated I actually entangle pretty bunglesome sitting on the floor of my room all by myself doing those awkward breathing techniques. However, this feeling went away after some time I mean you have to get used to it before you get more comfortable in its practice.Further, during the third week, I could definitely feel some changes coming up I did not and breathe more concentrated but I as well felt more loosened up and relaxed. I started to manage the imbalances of my daily life better in sexual congress to that, I also started to notice a more vital and well-being daily experience. Eventually, I think it also affected my performance in soccer practices and games since my mind was more focused and, on a physical level, the increased oxygen supported the complying part of the body.Eventually, there were mornings when I was not really propel though, I reminded myself of the benefits I had experienced through meditation and found yself again. I think one has to come out his comfort zone to do it since one Just has to invest 5 minutes of his or her day. However, I do not really know if I will continue meditating every morning I am usually not a person that is that disciplined to follow a certain(a) routine. Yet, I can still see myself meditating in the future to overcome difficult challenges or parts of my life.Looking back on the five weeks I spent meditating I can fairly say that it is alone worth it to spend that little time and effort n terms of the possible ways it can affect ones lifestyle. I still think that some religious philosophies and practices are sort of questionable, but Yoga and its meditation techniques can definitely have a positive effect on on es life. Hence, I would not only recommend it to friends and individuals that are striving for a transformation in their body, mind and inmost consciousness, but also to individuals who want to experience something new as I did.

Analysis Of The Three Financial Models

Introduction loser refers to the state of an individual who is unable to pay his or her debts and against whom a nonstarter order has been made by a court. Such orders deprive bankrupts of their property, which is then roled to pay their debts. Bankruptcy proceedings are started by a petition, which may be presented to the court by (1) a creditor or creditors (2) a person affected by a voluntary arrangement to pay debts set up by the debtor under the Insolvency Act 1986 (3) the Director of Public Prosecutions or (4) the debtor. (Smullen and Hand, 2003).If we assume that a dope is a separate legal entity thus qualifying as a legal person, we gage stick to the above definition to define loser in the context of the corporation or corporate bankruptcy as the state of a corporation that is unable to pay its debts and against which bankruptcy order has been made by a court. (Smullen and Hand, 2003).Analysis of the personates for predicting bankruptcy.There are three main approaches to predicting bankruptcy which include accounting analytical approach, option metaphysical approach and the statistical approach. Becchetti and sierra (2002 p. 2100). Under the statistical approach corporate failure risk is analyze through four widely known methods which make use of balance sheet ratios linear or quadratic discriminate analysis, logistic regression analysis, probit regression analysis and neural network analysis.For the purposes of this paper we lead limit our analysis to three basic pecuniary models, which include the Z-Score model, the discriminant model and the Black-Scholes-Merton Probability. We also describe the action of these models in corporations.1. The Z-Score Bankruptcy Prediction ModelThe Z-score prediction model was developed by Altman in 1968. (Grice and Ingram, 2001 p. 53). The Z-score model applies variable discriminant analysis (MDA) and employs fiscal ratios as input variables to predict financial distress. (Tzeng et al, 2007 p. 297). Accord ing to Grice and Ingram (2001 p. 53), Altman (1968) utilize a seek of 33 non-bankrupt manufacturing firms from 1946-1965. Grice and Ingram (2001) assert that despite the fact that the z-score model exhibit high accuracy rates utilise both estimation and hold- emerge samples, (95% and 84%), its generalizability to industries and periods outside of those in the received sample has received little attention.This model has be widely used in a variety of industries to evaluate financial conditions of firms and it is continuously macrocosm used in many business situations including bankruptcy prediction and other financial stress conditions. Grice and Ingram (2001) carried out a test on the z-score model based three basic tests which include the models ability to predict bankruptcy today as opposed to periods in which it was developed, the utilitarianness of the model in predicting bankruptcy in non-manufacturing as sanitary as manufacturing firms and its ability to predict bankrupt cy in financial stress conditions other than bankruptcy.Their findings show that although the model is useful in predicting bankruptcy as well as other financial conditions, the models accuracy is signifi spatetly firster in recent periods than that reported in the original work by Altman (1968).Grice and Ingram (2001) also find significant differences in the models coefficients from those reported by Altman. Based on these findings, Grice and Ingram (2001) suggest that advance accuracy can be achieved by re-estimating the model coefficients utilise estimation from periods close to test periods. In addition Grice and Altman (2001) find that the including non-manufacturing firms in the sample, further weakens the accuracy of the model.1.1 screening of the Z-Score modelCommercial banks use the model as part of the periodic loan review process investiture bankers use the model in security and portfolio analysis. It has been employed as a management decision tool and as an analysis tool by auditors to assess their clients abilities to continue as going concerns (Grice and Ingram, 2001 p. 53).2. The Black-Scholes-Merton Model.According to Reisz and Perlich (2007) following from Black and Scholes (1973) and Merton (1974), the customary stock of a firm can be seen as a standard call option on the underlying assets of the firm. It is assumed that shareholders have sold the corporation to creditors, and hold the option of buying it rear end by paying face value (plus interest) of their debt obligations. (Reisz and Perlich, 2007 p. 2). On the other hand, using put/call parity, we can see shareholders as holding the firms assets (bought after borrowing money from creditors) as well as a put option with exercise price fitted to the face value equal to value of debt.(Reisz and Perlich, 2007 p. 2). In the event where the where the firm value is to a lower place the exercise price, that is, where the price of the firm is below the face value of the debt at maturity, shareholders can freely work walk away without repaying their debt obligations. (Reisz and Perlich, 2007 p. 2). This is similar to merchandising the firm to the bondholers at the face value of the debt. (Reisz and Perlich, 2007 p. 2). Reisz and Perlich, (2007 p. 2) asserts that such(prenominal) an equity-based valuation model can lead to better bankruptcy predictions.In a study by Hillegeist et al. (2004), it was found that the probabilities of bankruptcy backed out from the a Black-Scholes-Merton geomorphological model are up to 14 times more in social classative that ones inferred from accounting-based statistics such as the Altman (1968) Z-score. (Reisz and Perlich, 2007 p. 2). provided despite the merits of this Black-Scholes-Merton model, it does not provide any rationale for observed managerial (bounded) risk choices. (Reisz and Perlich, 2007 p. 3). In addition, probabilities of slight (PDs) coming from this framework are miscalibrated. (Reisz and Perlich, 2007 p. 3).3. Th e Mutiple Discriminant ModelMultiple discriminant analysis (MDA) is a statistical technique employed in the miscellany of an observation into one of several a priori rootings, dependent upon the observations individual characteristics. It is primarily useful in the classification and/or prediction in problems where the dependent variable appears in qualitative form for example, male or female, bankrupt or non-bankrupt. Therefore the firstly step is to establish explicit group classifications. The number of original groupings may be two or more.The MDA model is advantageous in that it considers the integral profile of characteristics common to the relevant firms, as well as the interaction of these properties. Conversely, a univariate study can only consider the measurement used for grouping assignments one at a time. Another master(prenominal) advantage of the MDA model is the reduction of the analysts space dimensionality. When analysing a comprehensive list of financial ratio s in assessing a firms bankruptcy potential, there is reason to believe that some of the measurements leave alone have a high degree of collinearity or correlation with each other. (Altman, 1968).3.1 Application of Multiple Discriminant ModelFollowing its first application in the 1930s, the MDA model has been used in many studies and disciplines. In its earlier days it was used only in Biology and behavioural sciences. Today, the model has been applied successfully in financial problems such as credit evaluation and investment classification. For example, Walter made use of the model to classify high and low price earnings ratio firms, and Smith applied the model in the classification of firms into standard investment categories.BIBLIOGRAPHYA market-based framework for bankruptcy prediction. Alexander S. Reisz and Claudia Perlich. Journal of Financial Stability, 2007, Pages 1-47.A real-valued genetic algorithm to optimize the parameters of confine vector machine for predicting ban kruptcy. Chih-Hung Wu Gwo-Hshiung Tzeng Yeong-Jia Goo Wen-Chang Fang. Expert Systems with Applications Volume 32, 2007 Pages 397408BankruptcyA Dictionary of Finance and Banking. seat Smullen and Nicholas Hand. Oxford University Press 2005. Oxford Reference Online. Oxford University Press. http//www.oxfordreference.com/views/ENTRY.html?subview=Main&entry=t20.e278Bankruptcy risk and productive efficiency in manufacturing firms. Leonardo Becchetti and Jaime Sierra Journal of Banking & Finance,Volume 27, Issue 11,November 2003,Pages 2099-2120Tests of the generalizability of Altmans bankruptcy prediction model. John Stephen Grice and Robert W. Ingram. Journal of Business enquiry Volume 54, 2001 Pages 53-61.Financial Ratios, Discriminant Analysis and the Prediction of Corporate Bankruptcy. Edward I Altman. Journal of Finance, Volume 27, Issue 4, September 1968, Pages 589-689.

Different kinds of short story Essay

As there be varieties of subjects, themes and art, there are various types of a short story. Some of the types are ancient tales, humor, banter, fantasy, biography, education, local color, and history. Lets us have a glimpse on each one of them in this article.1. Ancient TalesIt is the power of the utilization of the ancient inning of the tale in the modern short story. Italian author Giovanni Vergas The She-Wolf (1880), and Chinese writer Yeh Shao-Chuns Mrs. Lis Hair are remarkable examples.2. FantasyFantasy stories are nothing nevertheless the fair combination of the old tales tradition and the supernatural details. The fine examples of such stories are British writer John Colliers horror fantasy Bottle Party (1939), Irish author Elizabeth Bowens The Demon Lover (1941), and British author Sakis Tobermory (1911).3. HumorThese types of stories are meant for producing surprise and delight. You ordain see that the most famous humorous tales and fables were written by the America ns. Mark Twains The celebrate Jumping Frog of Calaveras County (1865), and Joel Chandler Harriss The Wonderful Tar-Baby Story (1894) are remarkable. There is serious humor in the works of Americans like Eudora Weltys Petrified Man (1939) and Dorothy Parkers The Custard Heart (1939).4. SatireThe main purpose of satire is to attack the evils of society. There are writers who wrote stories of sober satire. Austrian author Arthur Schnitzlers Fate of the Baron (1923), and American Mary McCarthys The Man in the Brooks Brothers Shirt (1941) are known for their somber satire.5. gentility StorySuch stories revolve around the education of the main character. The good example is American pedagog Lionel Trillings Of This Time, of That Place (1944).6. HistoryHistory types deal with a life story or historical event. Weltys A Still Moment (a 1943 story about naturalist John crowd together Audubon) is fine example of story dealing with history event.7. Local ColorThese types of stories deal wit h the customs and traditions of homespun and small-town life. You can enjoy the local color in the stories of George Washington Cable, Maria Edgeworth, Sarah Orne Jewett, and Mary Wilkins Freeman. These are some(a) of the types you may find in sort story genre. In recent times, stories have more local color, diversities in the representations, making use of dialects, and vernacular impressions. The story writes have been taking somewhat flexibility in writing stories as they wish.

Ib Pase Paper, Maths Hl

M10/5/MATHL/HP2/ENG/TZ1/XX 22107204 mathematics higher level PaPer 2 Thursday 6 May 2010 (morning) 2 hours iNsTrucTioNs To cANdidATEs ? economise your session arrive in the street corneres above. ? non open this examination paper until instructed to do so. do ? in writing(p) display calculator is required for this paper. A ? section A dissolving agent all of section A in the spaces provided. ? section B answer all of section B on the answer tag ends provided. pen your session number on each answer sheet, and attach them to this examination paper and your coer sheet using the tag provided. At the end of the examination, indicate the number of sheets used in the appropriate box on your cover sheet. ? unless otherwise stated in the inquiry, all numerical answers must be disposed exactly or cook up to collar significant figures. 0 0 candidate session number 2210-7204 14 pages international Baccalaureate organization 2010 0114 2 M10/5/MATHL/HP2/ENG/TZ1/XX Full grievances ar not necessarily awarded for a correct answer with no working. Answers must be support by working and/or explanations. In particular, solutions found from a graphic display calculator should be supported by suitable working, e. . if graphs be used to find a solution, you should sketch these as part of your answer. Where an answer is incorrect, some marks may be given for a correct method, provided this is shown by writ x working. You be therefore advised to show all working. Section a Answer all the questions in the spaces provided. running(a) may be continued below the lines, if necessary. 1. Maximum mark 4 The graph below shows y = a cos (bx) + c . y 4 2 x 2 0 2 4 2 4 6 Find the value of a , the value of b and the value of c . .. . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . 2210-7204 0214 3 2. Maximum mark 5 The system of equations 2 x ? y + 3z = 2 3 x + y + 2 z = ? 2 ? x + 2 y + az = b M10/5/MATHL/HP2/ENG/TZ1/XX is know to have more than peerless solution. Find the value of a and the value of b . .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 2210-7204 turn over 0314 4 3. Maximum mark 6M10/5/MATHL/HP2/ENG/TZ1/XX In the right circular cone below, O is the optic of the base which has r 6 cm. The points B and C are on the circumference of the base of the cone. The pinnacle AO ? of the cone is 8 cm and the slant BOC is 60? . A diagram not to scale O B ? Calculate the size of the angle BAC . C .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 2210-7204 0414 5 4. Maximum mark 7 (a) (b)M10/5/MATHL/HP2/ENG/TZ1/XX crop the equation z 3 = ? 2 + 2i , giving your answers in modulus-argument form. Hence show that one of the solutions is 1+ i when written in Cartesian form. 6 marks 1 mark .. .. .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. .. 2210-7204 turn over 0514 6 5. Maximum mark 6 M10/5/MATHL/HP2/ENG/TZ1/XX Let A , B and C be non-singular 2 ? 2 matrices, I the 2 ? 2 identity matrix and k a scalar. The following statements are incorrect.For each statement, write down the correct version of the right hand side. (a) (b) (c) ( A + B ) 2 = A2 + 2 AB + B 2 ( A ? kI )3 = A3 ? 3kA2 + 3k 2 A ? k 3 CA = B ? C = B A 2 marks 2 marks 2 marks .. .. .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. .. 2210-7204 0614 7 6. Maximum mark 5 M10/5/MATHL/HP2/ENG/TZ1/XX Find the sum of all three-digit natural metrical composition that are not exactly divisible by 3. .. . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . .. 2210-7204 turn over 0714 8 7. Maximum mark 7 M10/5/MATHL/HP2/ENG/TZ1/XX Three Mathematics books, five English books, four Science books and a dictionary are to be placed on a students shelf so that the books of each message remain together. (a) (b) In how more different ways can the books be arranged? In how many of these will the dictionary be next to the Mathematics books? 4 marks 3 marks .. . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . .. 2210-7204 0814 9 8. Maximum mark 6 M10/5/MATHL/HP2/ENG/TZ1/XX In a factory producing glasses, the weights of glasses are known to have a mean of 160 grams. It is too known that the interquartile range of the weights of glasse s is 28 grams. Assuming the weights of glasses to be normally distributed, find the step deviation of the weights of glasses. .. .. . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . 2210-7204 turn over 0914 10 9. Maximum mark 6 Let f ( x) = (a) (b) 4 ? x2 . 4? x M10/5/MATHL/HP2/ENG/TZ1/XX State the largest possible domain for f . Solve the inequality f ( x) ? 1. 2 marks 4 marks .. .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. .. .. 2210-7204 1014 11 10. Maximum mark 8 The diagram below shows the graphs of y = that all intersect in the same two points. M10/5/MATHL/HP2/ENG/TZ1/XX 3 x ? 3 , y = 3 and a quadratic function, 2 3 x 3 Given that the minimum value of the quadratic function is ? 3 , find an port for the domain of a function of the shaded region in the form a, b, c and t are to be determined. (Note The integral does not need to be evaluated. ) .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ? t 0 (ax 2 + bx + c) dx , where the constants 2210-7204 turn over 1114 12 Section B M10/5/MATHL/HP2/ENG/TZ1/XX Answer all the questio ns on the answer sheets provided. Please start each question on a new page. 11. Maximum mark 20 A plane ? has vector equation r = (? 2i + 3 j ? 2k ) + ? (2i + 3 j + 2k ) + (6i ? 3 j + 2k ) . (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) convey that the Cartesian equation of the plane ? is 3 x + 2 y ? 6 z = 12 . The plane ? meets the x , y and z axes at A, B and C respectively. Find the coordinates of A, B and C. Find the volume of the pyramid OABC. Find the angle between the plane ? and the x-axis. Hence, or otherwise, find the distance from the origin to the plane ? Using your answers from (c) and (e), find the compass of the triangle ABC. 6 marks 3 marks 3 marks 4 marks 2 marks 2 marks 12. Maximum mark 15 Casualties arrive at an accident unit with a mean rate of one every 10 minutes. Assume that the number of arrivals can be modelled by a Poisson distribution. (a) (b) (c) Find the chance that there are no arrivals in a given half hour period. A moderate works for a two hour period. Find the probab ility that there are fewer than ten casualties during this period. Six nurses work consecutive two hour periods between 8am and 8pm.Find the probability that no more than three nurses have to attend to less than ten casualties during their working period. Calculate the time interval during which there is a 95 % chance of there being at least two casualties. 3 marks 3 marks 4 marks 5 marks (d) 2210-7204 1214 13 13. Maximum mark 11 M10/5/MATHL/HP2/ENG/TZ1/XX Points A, B and C are on the circumference of a circle, centre O and radius r . ? A trapezium OABC is formed such that AB is parallel to OC, and the angle AOC ? is ? , ? ? ? . 2 B C A r ? O diagram not to scale (a) (b) ? Show that angle BOC is ? ? ? . 3 marks Show that the area, T , of the trapezium can be expressed as T= 1 2 1 r sin ? ? r 2 sin 2? . 2 2 3 marks (c) (i) Show that when the area is maximum, the value of ? satisfies cos ? = 2 cos 2? . (ii) Hence determine the maximum area of the trapezium when r = 1. (Note It is n ot required to prove that it is a maximum. ) 5 marks 2210-7204 turn over 1314 14 14. Maximum mark 14 M10/5/MATHL/HP2/ENG/TZ1/XX A body is moving through a liquid so that its acceleration can be expressed as ? v2 ? ? 32 ? m s ? 2 , ? two hundred ? where v m s ? 1 is the upper of the body at time t seconds.The initial velocity of the body was known to be 40 m s ? 1 . (a) Show that the time taken, T seconds, for the body to slow to V m s ? 1 is given by T = 200 ? (b) (i) 40 V 1 dv . v + 802 2 4 marks dv Explain why acceleration can be expressed as v , where s is ds displacement, in metres, of the body at time t seconds. Hence find a similar integral to that shown in part (a) for the distance, S metres, travelled as the body slows to V m s ? 1 . 7 marks (ii) (c) Hence, using parts (a) and (b), find the distance travelled and the time taken until the body momentarily comes to rest. 3 marks 2210-7204 1414

Samsung vs Apple

SAMSUNG VS APPLE-BATTLE OF THE GIANTS Samsung and Apple are the two biggest smartphone companies with a combined commercialise share of more than half the global smartphone market. Every year both the companies bring in natural innovations in their smartphones, which greatly increases their smartphone sales. notwithstanding in todays market where there is cut throat competition it is given that apiece company will try to exposedo the other in every possible manner.Hence I would equivalent to discuss the fierce battle raging between these smartphone bigs-Samsung and Apple. Apple created a boom in the smartphone market by launching the iPhone, which had more features and was the most advanced smartphone at that time. The company made a considerable profit and Apple became a household favorite. But with the rise of competition and the growth of Asian giant Samsung, Apples success was not to last forever.Samsung came up with the Samsung Galaxy S smartphone with identical feature s as that of the iPhone and slowly but steadily the sales of Samsung smartphones rose. Over the years there have been many new versions of the Apple iPhone and the Samsung Galaxy smartphone series and to surpass each other both these companies have been guilty of imitating the technologies employ in their smartphones and have in any case filed for various lawsuits against each other.Samsung has been accused by Apple of violating patents and 1) Copying their paradigm arrangement display pattern. 2) Accused of imitating the iconic iPhones shape which in official terms is called as tradedress(e. g. smartphones resemble the iPhone 3g and iPhone 3gs in shape). One such example of tradedress is that Apple on conducting a survey with BestBuy found out that there were many people who returned the Samsung phones because they thought they were iPhones.This Apple accuses was Samsungs strategy for increasing their smartphone sales against the iPhone and also to tempt buyers into buying Sams ung phones which look identical to iPhone 3) Imitating features like double tap to whiz, pinch and squeeze to zoom and the rubber-band effect. On the other hand Samsung has accused Apple of 1) Using Samsungs 3G technology in their smartphones without a legal permit from Samsung. (Apple uses this technology on millions of phones) 2) Use of E-mail in a camera equip phone. ) Multitasking in the mobile device. Hence by weighing the claims of both these companies, in my opinion, Samsung tried to ape the item look and feel of iPhone to increase its sales. However, this is not the only reason that translates directly to lost sales on apples part-from price to carriers. To sum up, the software patent claims made by both the companies come out pretty baseless to me and I strongly feel there needs to be some mixed bag of protection for genuine innovation. References www. businessweek. com www. ibtimes. com www. forbes. com